Glossary
1174 terms.
A
↑- Abrasive
- Absolute hardness
- Absorption spectra
- Absorption spectrum
- Accessory mineral
- Acicular
- Acid
- Acid test
- Activator
- Adamantine
- Adularescence
- Adularescent
- Aggregate
- Alkali
- Alkali Feldspar
- Alkaline
- Alloy
- Alloyed
- Alloying
- Alluvial
- Alluvial deposit
- Alluvion
- Alluvium
- Alpha rays
- Alpine
- Alpine cavity
- Alter
- Alteration
- Altered
- Amalgam
- Amber
- Ammonia
- Ammonium hydroxide
- Amorphous
- Amphibole
- Amphibole group
- Amygdule
- Anhydrous
- Anhydrous borates
- Anhydrous sulfates
- Anion
- Anisotropic
- Anisotropism
- Anticline
- Antimonides
- Apatite group
- Aqua fortis
- Aqua regia
- Aqueous
- Aragonite group
- Arborescent
- Argentiferous
- Argillacious
- Arid
- Arsenates
- Arsenide
- Arsenides
- Asbestos
- Asbestos amphibole
- Asterism
- Asteroid
- Asymmetrical
- Atom
- Atomic
- Atomic structure
- Atomical
- Atomical arrangement
- Atomically
- Auriferous
- Autochthonous
- Aventurescence
- Aventurization
- Axes
- Axis
- Axis of symmetry
B
↑- Band
- Banded
- Banding
- Basal
- Basal cleavage
- Basal pinacoid
- Basalt
- Base
- Basic
- Batholith
- Bead test
- Bed
- Bedding
- Bedrock
- Belemnite
- Beta rays
- Bipyramid
- Bipyramidal
- Bipyramidal hexagon
- Bipyramidal hexagonal
- Bipyramidal hexagonal prism
- Birefringence
- Birthstone
- Bitumen
- Bituminous
- Bladed
- Blowpipe test
- Boiling point
- Bond
- Borate
- Borates
- Borax
- Botryoid
- Botryoidal
- Boule
- Brass
- Breccia
- Brecciated
- Brilliant cut
- Brilliant luster
- Brine
- Brittle
- Bronze
- Brownspar
- Bullion
C
↑- Cabochon
- Calcareous
- Calcic
- Calcite group
- Cameo
- Capillary
- Carat
- Carbonate
- Carbonates
- carbonatite
- Carlsbad twin
- Carved
- Carving
- Cassiterite twin
- Cast
- Casting
- Cat's eye
- Cat's eye effect
- Cation
- Catseye
- Cave
- Cavern
- Cavities
- Cavity
- Cementation zone
- Center of symmetry
- Chain silicates
- Chalk
- Chatoyancy
- Chatoyant
- Chemical
- Chemical bond
- Chemical composition
- Chemical formula
- Chemical structure
- Chemist
- Chemistry
- Chert
- Chondrite
- Chondrules
- Chromates
- Chrysoberyl twin
- Clast
- Clay
- Cleavable
- Cleavage
- Cleavage angle
- Cleavage face
- Cleavage fragment
- Cleavage surface
- Cleave
- Cleaved
- Cleaved surface
- Cleaving
- Clinopinacoid
- Clinopinacoidal
- Cluster
- Coal
- Coating
- Cockscomb
- Color
- Columnar
- Composition
- Compound
- Concentric
- Conchoidal
- Concretion
- Concretionary
- Conductivity
- Conductor
- Conglomerate
- Contact metamorphism
- Contact twinning
- Coprolite
- Coral
- Core
- Coxcomb
- Crater
- Crazing
- Crumbly
- Crust
- Crusty
- Cryptocrystalline
- Crystal
- Crystal aggregate
- Crystal angle
- Crystal class
- Crystal face
- Crystal group
- Crystal habit
- Crystal lattice
- Crystal structure
- Crystal symmetry
- Crystal system
- Crystalline
- Crystallization
- Crystallize
- Crystallized
- Crystallographer
- Crystallographically
- Crystallography
- ct
- Cube
- Cubic
- Cubic cleavage
- Cubic octahedron
- Cubic system
- Cuboctahedral
- Culet
- Cut
- Cyclosilicates
- Cymophane effect
D
↑- Decomposition
- Decrepitation
- Dehydration
- Deliquesce
- Deliquescent
- Dendrite
- Dendritic
- Density
- Deposit
- Detrital
- Detritus
- Devitrification
- Devitrify
- Diabase
- Diagenesis
- Diamagnetic
- Diamagnetism
- Diamondlike luster
- Diaphaneity
- Diaphanous
- Diapir
- Dichroic
- Dichroism
- Diffract
- Diffraction
- Diffused
- Diffusion treatment
- Dike
- Dimorph
- Dimorphous
- Diorite
- Dipyramid
- Dipyramidal
- Disilicates
- Dispersing
- Dispersion
- Dodecahedral
- Dodecahedron
- Dollar
- Dolomite
- Dolostone
- Double refraction
- Doublet
- Doubly terminated
- Druse
- Drusy
- Druzy
- Dry lake
- Dry lake deposit
- Ductile
- Ductilibility
- Ductility
- Dull
- Dull luster
- Dump
- Dusting
E
↑- Earth science
- Earthy
- Earthy luster
- Eclogite
- Effervesce
- Effervescence
- Effervescent
- Effloresce
- Efflorescence
- Efflorescent
- Eightling
- Elastic
- Electric
- Electrical
- Electricity
- Electromagnetic radiation
- Electrometallurgy
- Electron
- Element
- Elements
- Elongated
- Embedded crystal
- Emerald
- Emerald cut
- Empirical formula
- Enaniotropic
- Encrust
- Encrustation
- Encrusting
- End member
- Engrave
- Engraving
- Environment
- Epimorph
- Epitaxial overgrowth
- Epitaxy
- Epithermal vein
- Epsom salts
- Equant
- Equidimensional
- Eroded
- Erosion
- Euhedral
- Evaporate
- Evaporation
- Evaporite
- Evaporite deposit
- Even
- Even fracture
- Exfoliate
- Extract
- Extraction
- Extraterrestrial
- Extrusive
F
↑- Face
- Facet
- Faceted
- Faceting
- Fault
- Feldspar
- Feldspar group
- Feldspathoid
- Feldspathoid group
- Felsic
- Ferrian
- Ferroginous
- Ferromagnetic
- Ferromagnetism
- Ferrous
- Fiber
- Fibrous
- Filiform
- Fire
- Fishtail twin
- Fissile
- Fissility
- Flaky
- Flame test
- Flat
- Flaw
- Flawless
- Flexibility
- Flexible
- Flexible and elastic
- Flexible but inelastic
- Floater
- Floater crystal
- Flow banding
- Flowstone
- Fluoresce
- Fluorescence
- Fluorescent
- Fluorescent lamp
- Fluorite twin
- Fluvial
- Fluvial deposit
- Flux
- Fold
- Foliated
- Form
- Formula
- Fossil
- Fossiliferous
- Fossilization
- Fossilize
- Fossilized
- Fourling
- Fracture
- Framework silicates
- Freezing point
- Friable
- Fulgurite
- Fumarole
- Fusion
G
↑- Gabbro
- Gamma rays
- Gangue
- Gangue material
- Garnet Group
- Garnet paper
- Geiger counter
- Gem
- Gemminess
- Gemmy
- Gemological
- Gemologist
- Gemology
- Gemstone
- Geode
- Geologic
- Geological
- Geologist
- Geology
- GIA
- Gilson Process
- Girdle
- Glass
- Glassy luster
- Glauber's salt
- Globular
- Gneiss
- Goniometer
- Gossan
- Grain
- Grainy
- Gram
- Granite
- Granitic
- Granular
- Gravel
- Gravity
- Greasy
- Greasy luster
- Greenschist
- Greenstone
- Group
- Grouping
- Guano
- Gwindel
H
↑- Habit
- Hackly
- Halides
- Halogen
- Hard water
- Hardness
- Hardness testing kit
- HCl
- Heart
- Heat treated
- Heat treating
- Heat treatment
- Hemimorphic
- Hemispherical
- Hexagon
- Hexagonal
- Hexagonal bipyramid
- Hexagonal bipyramidal
- Hexagonal shape
- Hexoctahedral
- Hexoctahedron
- Hopper
- Hornfels
- Host mineral
- Hot spring
- Humite group
- Hydrate
- Hydrated
- Hydration
- Hydrocarbons
- Hydrochloric acid
- Hydrofluoric acid
- Hydrometallurgy
- Hydrothermal
- Hydrothermal Method
- Hydrothermal Vein
- Hydrous
- Hydrous borates
- Hydrous sulfates
- Hydroxides
- Hydroxyl
- Hygroscopic
- Hygroscopy
- Hypothermal vein
I
↑- Icosahedra
- Icosahedral
- Icosahedron
- Icosi-tetrahedron
- Idiochromatic
- Igneous
- Igneous rock
- IMA
- Impure
- Impurities
- Impurity
- In Situ
- Included
- Inclusion
- Incrust
- Incrustation
- Incrusting
- Index of refraction
- Indiscernible
- Inelastic
- Infiltration
- Ingot
- Inorganic
- Inosilicates
- Insoluble
- Intaglio
- Intermediary
- Intermediary Member
- Intrusion
- Intrusive
- Intrusive rock
- Ion
- Iridesce
- Iridescence
- Iridescent
- Irradiate
- Irradiated
- Irradiating
- Irradiation
- Isometric
- Isomorph
- Isomorphism
- Isomorphous
- Isotropic
- Isotropization
- Isotype
- Isotypism
- Isotypous
- Ivory
J
↑K
↑L
↑M
↑- Macle
- Macrocrystalline
- Mafic
- Magma
- Magmatic
- Magmatite
- Magmatite rock
- Magnesia
- Magnet
- Magnetic
- Magnetic field
- Magnetism
- Malleability
- Malleable
- Mammilary
- Mantle
- Marble
- Marquise
- Massive
- Matrix
- Melee
- Melting point
- Mesothermal vein
- Metal
- Metallic
- Metallic elements
- Metallic luster
- Metallurgy
- Metamict
- Metamiction
- Metamorphasized
- Metamorphic
- Metamorphic rock
- Metamorphism
- Metamorphosed
- Metasilicate chains
- Metasilicate rings
- Metasilicates
- Metasomatically
- Metasomatism
- Metastability
- Metastable
- Meteor
- Meteoric
- Meteorite
- Meteoroid
- Mica
- Mica group
- Micaceous
- Microcrystal
- Microcrystalline
- Micromount
- Miller Index
- Miller indices
- Mine
- Miner
- Mineral
- Mineral group
- Mineral series
- Mineral show
- Mineralogical
- Mineralogically
- Mineralogist
- Mineralogy
- Mineraloid
- Mining
- Mixed crystal
- Mohs Hardness scale
- Mohs Scale
- Molecular
- Molecular arrangement
- Molecular structure
- Molecule
- Mollusk
- Molten
- Molten rock
- Molybdates
- Monochromatic
- Monoclinic
- Monotropic
- Mother of pearl luster
- Mother rock
- Mother-of-pearl
- Mottled
- Multicolored
- Multiple oxides
- Mylonite
N
↑O
↑- Obsidian
- Occurrence
- Ochre
- Octacube
- Octagon
- Octahedra
- Octahedral
- Octahedral cleavage
- Octahedral cube
- Octahedron
- Oil of vitriol
- Oiling
- Oily luster
- Oolite
- Oolitic
- Opalesce
- Opalescence
- Opalescent
- Opalization
- Opalize
- Opaque
- Open Pit
- Optical
- Optical properties
- Optics
- Ore
- Organic
- Orthorhombic
- Orthosilicates
- Outcrop
- Oval
- Overtone
- Oxidation
- Oxidation minerals
- Oxidation zone
- Oxide
- Oxides
- Oxidize
- Oxidized
- Oxidized zone
P
↑- Paleontologist
- Paleontology
- Pallasite
- Panning
- Paragenesis
- Paramagnetic
- Paramagnetism
- Paramorph
- Parting
- Patina
- Pear
- Pearl
- Pearly
- Pearly luster
- Pegmatite
- Pendant
- Penetration
- Penetration twin
- Penetration twinning
- Pentagonal dodecahedron
- Percussion figure
- Peridotite
- Periodic table
- Perky box
- Petrifaction
- Petrification
- Petrified
- Petrified wood
- Petrographer
- Petrographic microscope
- Petrography
- Petroleum
- Petrologist
- Petrology
- pH
- Phantom
- Phantom growth
- Phenocryst
- Phosphate
- Phosphates
- Phosphoresce
- Phosphorescence
- Phosphorescent
- Photochromism
- Phyllosilicates
- Physicist
- Physics
- Piezoelectric
- Piezoelectricity
- Pinacoid
- Pinacoidal
- Pinacoidal cleavage
- Pipe
- Pisolite
- Pisolitic
- Pit
- Pitchlike luster
- Pitchy
- Placer
- Placer deposit
- Plagioclase twin
- Plane
- Plane of symmetry
- Planetoid
- Plate
- Plate-like
- Plated
- Platy
- Playa
- Pleochroic
- Pleochroism
- Plug
- Plumose
- Plutonic
- Plutonic rock
- Point
- Polished
- Polishing
- Polychromatic
- Polyhedron
- Polymerization
- Polymorph
- Polymorphism
- Polymorphous
- Polysynthetic twinning
- Polysynthetic twins
- Polytype
- Porcelaneous
- Porous
- Porphry
- Porphyritic
- Porphyry
- Potash
- Potash feldspar
- Potassium feldspar group
- Potspar
- Precious gemstone
- Precious metal
- Precious stone
- Precipitating
- Precipitation
- Primary
- Primary mineral
- Princess
- Prism
- Prismatic
- Prismatic cleavage
- Prospect
- Prospecting
- Prospector
- Proton
- Ps.
- Pseudo
- Pseudo-octahedral
- Pseudo-octahedron
- Pseudocube
- Pseudocubic
- Pseudohexagon
- Pseudohexagonal
- Pseudomorph
- Pseudomorphed
- Pseudomorphism
- Pt
- Pure
- Pyncnometer
- Pyramidal
- Pyritohedral
- Pyritohedron
- Pyroelectric
- Pyroelectricity
- Pyrometallurgy
- Pyrosilicates
- Pyroxene
- Pyroxene group
Q
↑R
↑- Radial
- Radiating
- Radiation
- Radical
- Radioactive
- Radioactivity
- Rare earth
- Rare earth elements
- REE
- Reflection
- Reflective
- Refract
- Refraction
- Refractive index
- Refractive indices
- Refractometer
- Relative density
- Reniform
- Repeated twinning
- Repeated twins
- Replace
- Replaced
- Replacement
- Replacing
- Resinlike luster
- Resinous
- Resinous luster
- Resistance
- Resistant
- Reticulated
- Rhomb
- Rhomb-scalenohedron
- Rhombic
- Rhombic dodecahedron
- Rhombohedral
- Rhombohedral cleavage
- Rhombohedron
- Rhyolite
- Rift
- Ring silicates
- Rock
- Rock crystal
- Rock shop
- Rock show
- Rock-forming mineral
- Rosette
- Rough
- Round
- Rust
- Rusting
- Rutilated
- Rutile twin
S
↑- Saccharoidal
- Saline
- Saline deposit
- Saline lake
- Salinity
- Salt
- Salt dome
- Salt Lake
- Sand
- Sandstone
- Sassuritization
- Scalenohedral
- Scalenohedron
- Scales
- Scaly
- Scepter
- Schiller
- Schist
- Sclerometer
- Scoria
- Secondary
- Secondary mineral
- Sectile
- Sectility
- Sediment
- Sedimentary
- Sedimentary rock
- Sedimentation process
- Selenides
- Selvage
- Semi-metal
- Semi-metallic
- Semi-metallic elements
- Semi-precious
- Semi-precious gemstone
- Series
- Setting
- Shaft
- Shale
- Sheaflike
- Sheet silicates
- Shelly fracture
- Shortwave
- Silica
- Silica gel
- Silica group
- Silicafied
- Silicate
- Silicates
- Siliceous
- Silky
- Silky luster
- Sill
- Silt
- Simple oxides
- Simple sulfides
- Sinter
- Sixling
- Skarn
- Skeletal
- Slab
- Slag
- Slate
- Smelt
- Smooth fracture
- Snakehead
- Soil
- Solid solution
- Solidify
- Solubility
- Soluble
- Solution
- Solvent
- Sorosilicates
- Spar
- Specific gravity
- Specimen
- Spectra
- Spectral
- Spectrograph
- Spectrometer
- Spectrophotometer
- Spectroscope
- Spectroscopy
- Spectrum
- Sphenoidal
- Spherical
- Spherulite
- Spherulitic
- Spinel twin
- Spinel-law twin
- Splendent luster
- Splinter
- Splintery
- Splintery fracture
- Square
- Stable
- Stalactite
- Stalactitic
- Stalactitically
- Stalagmite
- Stalagmitic
- Staurolite twin
- Stellate
- Stock
- Stone
- Strahler
- Strata
- Stratification
- Stratum
- Streak
- Streak plate
- Striated
- Striations
- Structural
- Structure
- Stubby
- Stud
- Sub-metallic
- Subconchoidal
- Subconchoidal fracture
- Subgroup
- Sublimate
- Sublimation
- Submetallic
- Sulfate
- Sulfates
- Sulfide
- Sulfides
- Sulfosalt
- Sulfosalts
- Sulfuric acid
- Surrounding rock
- SW
- Swallowtail twin
- Syenite
- Symmetrical
- Symmetry
- Synthesized
- Synthetic
- Synthetic gem
T
↑- Tabular
- Tarnish
- Tectosilicates
- Tellurides
- Tenacity
- Tenebrescence
- Tenebrescent
- Terminated
- Termination
- Tetragonal
- Tetragonal trisoctahedron
- Tetrahedral
- Tetrahedron
- Texture
- Thermal
- Thermoluminescence
- Thermoluminescent
- Thumbnail
- Tourmaline group
- Transformation
- Translucency
- Translucent
- Transparency
- Transparent
- Trap rock
- Trapezohedra
- Trapezohedral
- Trapezohedron
- Trapiche
- Traprock
- Triboluminescence
- Triboluminescent
- Trichroic
- Trichroism
- Triclinic
- Trigonal
- Trilling
- Trillion
- Triplet
- Trisoctahedral
- Trisoctahedron
- True phosphates
- Trunk
- Tube test
- Tuberose
- Tufa
- Tufacious spring
- Tuff
- Tumbled
- Tumbler
- Tumbling
- Tungstates
- Tungstates and Molybdates
- Tungstens
- Twin
- Twinned
- Twinned crystal
- Twinning
- Type locality